Netherlands and weapons of mass destruction

Although the Netherlands does not have weapons of mass destruction made by itself, the country participates in NATO's nuclear weapons sharing arrangements and trains for delivering US nuclear weapons. These weapons were first stored in the Netherlands in 1960.^[1]^[2]

The Netherlands is also one of the producers of components that can be used for creating deadly agents, chemical weapons and other kinds of weapons of mass destruction. Several Dutch companies provided the United States, Israel and Pakistan with components for these weapons. ^{[citation needed]}

The Netherlands ratified the Geneva Protocol on 31 October 1930. It also ratified the Biological Weapons Convention on 10 April 1972 and the Chemical Weapons Convention on 30 June 1995.

^ "US Nuclear Weapons in the Netherlands: A First Appraisal | National Security Archive". nsarchive.gwu.edu. 2021.
^ Onderco, Michal; Joosen, Rik (2022). "Nuclear Weapons in the Tweede Kamer: Analysis of Nuclear Motions in the Dutch House of Representatives in Times of Contestation". Global Studies Quarterly. 2 (3). doi:10.1093/isagsq/ksac028. hdl:1887/3513683.

[1] "US Nuclear Weapons in the Netherlands: A First Appraisal | National Security Archive". nsarchive.gwu.edu. 2021.

[2] Onderco, Michal; Joosen, Rik (2022). "Nuclear Weapons in the Tweede Kamer: Analysis of Nuclear Motions in the Dutch House of Representatives in Times of Contestation". Global Studies Quarterly. 2 (3). doi:10.1093/isagsq/ksac028. hdl:1887/3513683.

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